Insurance: authorisations, reports and contracts · France / Switzerland
Reinsurance treaty: proposed scope and clause comparison
A proposed reinsurance treaty starts with the risks, business and period it would cover. Compare structure, attachment, limits, exclusions and aggregation alongside premium, notice and claims-control wording. France’s and Switzerland’s regulatory settings do not replace the actual contract and governing law. Keep competing versions and document precedence visible. This pre-agreement review is separate from allocating an actual loss or asserting a post-loss recovery against a reinsurer.
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Is the structure proportional or non-proportional?
France: compare the stated proportional share, retention or excess layer in the draft. Switzerland: read the actual structure likewise, remembering VVG Article 101 excludes reinsurance from that statute; no direct-insurance protections are imported automatically.
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Which risks, business and period enter the proposed treaty?
France: identify ceded risks, business, territory and proposed period under the reinsurance distinction in L310-1-1. Switzerland: identify the actual reinsurance scope separately; a partnership label does not establish the proposed contractual coverage.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Is the structure proportional or non-proportional?
France: compare the stated proportional share, retention or excess layer in the draft. Switzerland: read the actual structure likewise, remembering VVG Article 101 excludes reinsurance from that statute; no direct-insurance protections are imported automatically.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Proposed treaty-scope and clause-comparison matrix
Synthetic example: fictional records. Proposed treaty-scope and clause-comparison matrix.
Synthetic example: fictional records · Proposed treaty-scope and clause-comparison matrix
- Jurisdiction
- France
- Business and period
- Portfolio P1, period T1
- Structure and limits
- Draft C1, thresholds L1
- Exclusions and premium
- Clauses E1, terms F1
- Control and versions
- Notice N1, version V1
This pre-agreement review is separate from allocating an actual loss or asserting a post-loss recovery against a reinsurer.
How are attachment, limits and exhaustion expressed?
France: record attachment, limit, unit, period and exhaustion wording by version. Switzerland: retain equivalent terms without inferring coverage from one ceiling; the document must connect the alleged loss and proposed trigger conditions.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Which exclusions and aggregation terms change the perimeter?
France: compare event definition, aggregation and exclusions for the specified business. Switzerland: examine the actual wording and references likewise; neither country’s preparation assumes one universal rule for grouping claims or interpreting exclusions.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Preparation reference: Proposed treaty-scope and clause-comparison matrix
| Preparation question | Point to verify |
|---|---|
| Which risks, business and period enter the proposed treaty? | France: identify ceded risks, business, territory and proposed period under the reinsurance distinction in L310-1-1. Switzerland: identify the actual reinsurance scope separately; a partnership label does not establish the proposed contractual coverage. |
| Is the structure proportional or non-proportional? | France: compare the stated proportional share, retention or excess layer in the draft. Switzerland: read the actual structure likewise, remembering VVG Article 101 excludes reinsurance from that statute; no direct-insurance protections are imported automatically. |
| How are attachment, limits and exhaustion expressed? | France: record attachment, limit, unit, period and exhaustion wording by version. Switzerland: retain equivalent terms without inferring coverage from one ceiling; the document must connect the alleged loss and proposed trigger conditions. |
| Which exclusions and aggregation terms change the perimeter? | France: compare event definition, aggregation and exclusions for the specified business. Switzerland: examine the actual wording and references likewise; neither country’s preparation assumes one universal rule for grouping claims or interpreting exclusions. |
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
What premium, adjustment and reinstatement clauses need comparison?
France: retain premium, adjustment and reinstatement provisions as proposed clauses. Switzerland: do the same for the actual draft; a commercial simulation is not proof of an accepted payment obligation or regulatory approval.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Which notice, cooperation and claims-control duties are proposed?
France: identify proposed notices, cooperation and control powers in the documents. Switzerland: preserve recipients, form and actual timing clauses likewise; a stated market practice does not create one universal notification clock.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Which official provision helps explain this situation?
A proposed reinsurance treaty starts with the risks, business and period it would cover. Compare structure, attachment, limits, exclusions and aggregation alongside premium, notice and claims-control wording. France’s and Switzerland’s regulatory settings do not replace the actual contract and governing law. Keep competing versions and document precedence visible. This pre-agreement review is separate from allocating an actual loss or asserting a post-loss recovery against a reinsurer.
What law, dispute and document-precedence clauses govern the versions?
France: connect governing law, dispute mechanism and document precedence. Switzerland: distinguish contractual rules from prudential reserving provisions; neither an unsigned annex nor a supervisory method automatically settles interpretation of the treaty.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Why is proposed wording review separate from recovery for an actual loss?
France: draft comparison differs from recovery under an executed treaty after a loss. Switzerland: retain the same task boundary; preparing proposed terms establishes neither a reinsurer’s accepted debt nor the outcome of a later claim.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Which official references should you consult?
- Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1www.legifrance.gouv.fr
- Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101fedlex.data.admin.ch
- Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101fedlex.data.admin.ch
- Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101fedlex.data.admin.ch
- FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56fedlex.data.admin.ch
- FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56fedlex.data.admin.ch
- FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56fedlex.data.admin.ch
Texts cited last checked: 3 November 2026
What other questions arise in this file?
Is the structure proportional or non-proportional?
France: compare the stated proportional share, retention or excess layer in the draft. Switzerland: read the actual structure likewise, remembering VVG Article 101 excludes reinsurance from that statute; no direct-insurance protections are imported automatically.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Which exclusions and aggregation terms change the perimeter?
France: compare event definition, aggregation and exclusions for the specified business. Switzerland: examine the actual wording and references likewise; neither country’s preparation assumes one universal rule for grouping claims or interpreting exclusions.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Which notice, cooperation and claims-control duties are proposed?
France: identify proposed notices, cooperation and control powers in the documents. Switzerland: preserve recipients, form and actual timing clauses likewise; a stated market practice does not create one universal notification clock.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56
Why is proposed wording review separate from recovery for an actual loss?
France: draft comparison differs from recovery under an executed treaty after a loss. Switzerland: retain the same task boundary; preparing proposed terms establishes neither a reinsurer’s accepted debt nor the outcome of a later claim.
Code des assurances : entreprises : L310-1-1Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101Insurance Contract Act LCA/VVG/LCA : 101FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56FINMA Insurance Supervision Ordinance 26June2024 OS-FINMA/AVO-FINMA/OS-FINMA : 56