Public assets: occupation, use and management · France / Switzerland
Public-asset management: owner and manager comparison
A public-asset dossier distinguishes ownership from management and use. France’s statutory management-transfer routes differ from Switzerland’s special frameworks. The Swiss federal museum example keeps ownership with the Confederation while granting use under a public-law agreement. Record the asset, purpose, authority and agreement before comparing costs, maintenance and return. This example does not establish one transfer procedure for every Swiss canton or public body.
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Which public purpose and physical perimeter are assigned?
France: define public purpose, physical perimeter and assets placed under management. Switzerland: the example concerns the museums and collection centre covered by MSG Article 6, rather than every canton’s public buildings.
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Who owns the asset before and after the arrangement?
France: identify retained owner and receiving manager under L2123-3 rather than assuming a sale. Switzerland: MSG Article 16’s National Museum example leaves the relevant land owned by the Confederation while granting usufruct.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Which public purpose and physical perimeter are assigned?
France: define public purpose, physical perimeter and assets placed under management. Switzerland: the example concerns the museums and collection centre covered by MSG Article 6, rather than every canton’s public buildings.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Public ownership, management and return responsibility map
Synthetic example: fictional records. Public ownership, management and return responsibility map.
Synthetic example: fictional records · Public ownership, management and return responsibility map
- Jurisdiction
- France
- Asset and owner
- Asset B1, owner P1
- Manager and purpose
- Body G1, use U1
- Basis and agreement
- Mechanism M1, version C1
- Expenses and return
- Costs F1, conditions R1
This example does not establish one transfer procedure for every Swiss canton or public body.
What legal mechanism permits management or dedication to change?
France: distinguish management transfer and compatible additional-use arrangements under L2123-7. Switzerland: Article 16 provides a specific statutory usufruct example; it does not establish a universal interbody management-transfer procedure.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Which authority and inter-body agreement establish the arrangement?
France: connect competent decisions, agreement and annexes to their signatories. Switzerland: the Confederation and National Museum regulate usufruct and use in a public-law contract; daily occupation alone does not prove all contractual terms.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Preparation reference: Public ownership, management and return responsibility map
| Preparation question | Point to verify |
|---|---|
| Who owns the asset before and after the arrangement? | France: identify retained owner and receiving manager under L2123-3 rather than assuming a sale. Switzerland: MSG Article 16’s National Museum example leaves the relevant land owned by the Confederation while granting usufruct. |
| Which public purpose and physical perimeter are assigned? | France: define public purpose, physical perimeter and assets placed under management. Switzerland: the example concerns the museums and collection centre covered by MSG Article 6, rather than every canton’s public buildings. |
| What legal mechanism permits management or dedication to change? | France: distinguish management transfer and compatible additional-use arrangements under L2123-7. Switzerland: Article 16 provides a specific statutory usufruct example; it does not establish a universal interbody management-transfer procedure. |
| Which authority and inter-body agreement establish the arrangement? | France: connect competent decisions, agreement and annexes to their signatories. Switzerland: the Confederation and National Museum regulate usufruct and use in a public-law contract; daily occupation alone does not prove all contractual terms. |
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
How are costs, maintenance and liability allocated?
France: allocate expenses and any route-specific compensation under the actual framework. Switzerland: Article 16 leaves maintenance with the Confederation and provides an appropriate use charge; retain the contract’s actual amounts and scope.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Which official provision helps explain this situation?
A public-asset dossier distinguishes ownership from management and use. France’s statutory management-transfer routes differ from Switzerland’s special frameworks. The Swiss federal museum example keeps ownership with the Confederation while granting use under a public-law agreement. Record the asset, purpose, authority and agreement before comparing costs, maintenance and return. This example does not establish one transfer procedure for every Swiss canton or public body.
What duration, amendment and return conditions are documented?
France: L2123-3 provides free return to the owner when the specified use ends. Switzerland: read actual modification and ending provisions of the museum arrangement; the French management-return rule cannot be imported automatically.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Which administrative or registry records must reflect the decision?
France: retain act, asset inventory, plans and responsibility records. Switzerland: connect ownership and usufruct documents likewise; an accounting entry alone does not demonstrate the complete scope of public-law use rights.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Why is management transfer distinct from disposal or fiduciary ownership transfer?
France: management transfer differs from sale and fiduciary ownership transfer. Switzerland: MSG Article 16 illustrates one federal institution-specific arrangement, not a general procedure for cantonal assets or every public property holder.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Which official references should you consult?
- Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24www.fedlex.admin.ch
- Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6www.legifrance.gouv.fr
Texts cited last checked: 3 November 2026
What other questions arise in this file?
Which public purpose and physical perimeter are assigned?
France: define public purpose, physical perimeter and assets placed under management. Switzerland: the example concerns the museums and collection centre covered by MSG Article 6, rather than every canton’s public buildings.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Which authority and inter-body agreement establish the arrangement?
France: connect competent decisions, agreement and annexes to their signatories. Switzerland: the Confederation and National Museum regulate usufruct and use in a public-law contract; daily occupation alone does not prove all contractual terms.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
What duration, amendment and return conditions are documented?
France: L2123-3 provides free return to the owner when the specified use ends. Switzerland: read actual modification and ending provisions of the museum arrangement; the French management-return rule cannot be imported automatically.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6
Why is management transfer distinct from disposal or fiduciary ownership transfer?
France: management transfer differs from sale and fiduciary ownership transfer. Switzerland: MSG Article 16 illustrates one federal institution-specific arrangement, not a general procedure for cantonal assets or every public property holder.
Loi sur les musées et les collections, RS432.30 : 15, 16, 24Code général de la propriété des personnes publiques : gestion des biens : L2123-3, L2123-7, L2123-6